The essential particles that construct all materials are electrons, neutrons and protons. Protons and neutrons form the atomic nucleus - electrons fill the atomic…
Category: Year 1
Crystal lattice and miller indices
This post is about structure of solid state materials, their properties and quantitative characteristics. Crystal lattice A crystal lattice is the basis of the…
Defects in solids
This post answers the question "What are defects in crystals?". There are no naturally occurring ideal crystals. Every solid compound has some deviation from…
Polymorphism
Polymorphism is the ability of solids to form more than one crystalline lattice, that is stable for different pressures and temperatures. These lattices are…
Energy band theory
Energy band theory is a basis for describing processes and effects in solid crystals under electromagnetic field impact. Energy band theory is a theory…
Complex conductance. Active and reactive power
Complex conductance Y is the value, reverse to the complex resistance Z, where Y=1Z=ye-jφ. Complex conductance is measured with Siemens (1Ohm), Y=1R+jX=R-jXR2+X2=RR2+X2-j XR2+X2. Ohm Law’s using the conductivity…
Two-terminal networks in the AC circuit
Let's consider a passive two-terminal network, connected to the input source E. The input resistance in this case is Zin=EI, Zin=Rin+jXin, the input conductance is Yin=1Zin. If the Xin<0, then…
Equivalent two-terminal network
Equivalent two-terminal transformations are transformations that lead to the simplification of complex two-terminal networks with the smallest amount of L, C and R elements. These equivalent networks…
Magnetically related networks – transformers
Often networks contain magnetic elements, for example coils, that can create magnetic induction in the other close placed coils, generating the self-induction EMF. Let's…
Conductors and their properties
Electric conductors can be solids, liquids and even gases. Solid conductors are metals, metal alloys and some carbon modifications. Metals are plastic compounds with…